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1.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 84(1): 58-63, ene-mar 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251977

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, se manifiesta principalmente a nivel respiratorio. Sin embargo, puede afectar otros órganos y sistemas, entre ellos el sistema nervioso, generando diversas manifestaciones neurológicas en las que se incluye el síndrome de Guillain Barré (SGB). Presentamos dos casos de pacientes varones de 35 y 46 años con SGB, uno clasificado como neuropatía axonal motora aguda (AMAN) y el otro como polineuropatia inflamatoria desmielinizante aguda (AIDP), quienes mostraron serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2 y sintomatología respiratoria previa al cuadro de debilidad. En ambos casos, la reacción en cadena de polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR) en secreción faríngea y liquido cefalorraquideo fue negativa. El diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue confirmado por prueba de anticuerpos totales en suero, mediante inmunoensayo CLIA (Chemiluminescent Immunoassay), positiva para IgG en ambos casos. Las características de los casos presentados sustentan una posible relación posinfecciosa entre el SARS-CoV-2 y el SGB y abren, además, la posibilidad de que, a pesar de que los pacientes sean asintomáticos o presenten síntomas respiratorios leves, podrían desarrollar complicaciones posinfecciosas tales como SGB.


SUMMARY Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, shows mainly clinical manifestations at the respiratory level. It can affect, however, other organs and systems, including the central nervous system, generating neurological manifestations that include the Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS). We present the cases of two male patients, aged 35 and 46, with GBS, one classified as AMAN and the other as AIDP. Both patients showed positive serology for SARS-CoV-2 and reported respiratory symptoms prior to the weakness condition. RT-PCR in pharyngeal secretion and CSF was negative in both cases. The infection by SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by the total antibody test in serum through a positive CLIA immunoassay, positive for IgG in the two cases. The characteristics of the cases support a possible postinfectious relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and GBS, and open as well the possibility that despite being asymptomatic or having mild respiratory symptoms, some patients may develop post- infectious complications such as GBS.

2.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177945

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Gerencia Regional de Salud en Lambayeque, lanza en el 2019 la alerta epidemiológica sobre notificación inmediata de casos de Guillain Barré, frente al aumento de casos confirmados y casos sospechosos de la enfermedad Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Guillain Barré atendidos en consulta externa en el Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, durante los brotes del año 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Fueron 48 casos registrados en la base de datos de Epidemiología, 25 fueron evaluados en Consulta Externa en el Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación; se excluyó 1 caso por gestación. Resultados: De los 24 casos evaluados; 14(58,3%) fueron de sexo femenino y 10(41,7%) masculino. El grupo etario de mayor presentación fue adulto con 12 casos (50%), seguido de adulto mayor 6 (25%). El lugar de procedencia fue Lambayeque, 16 (66,7%); Cajamarca 7(29,2%) y La Libertad; 1 (4.2%). La presentación fue ascendente con 15 casos (62,5%) y descendente con 9 (37,5%). 6 pacientes (25%) no lograron marcha; 3(12,5%) lograron una marcha con apoyo y 15 (62,5%) lograron una marcha independiente. Solo 1 caso (4,17%) presentó afectación de pares craneales. Se encontró arreflexia en 13 pacientes (54,2%). Ningún paciente llegó con fuerza muscular en escala de 0 a 1 tanto en miembros superiores como en miembros inferiores, proximal y distal. Conclusiones: El estudio muestra características epidemiológicas y clínicas de importancia para proyectar objetivos y metas del tratamiento rehabilitador.


Introduction: The Regional Health Management in Lambayeque, launches in 2019 the epidemiological alert on immediate notification of Guillain Barré cases, against the increase in confirmed cases and suspected cases of the disease Objective: Describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with diagnosis Guillain Barré Syndrome treated in external medical consultation at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service of the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo National Hospital, during the outbreaks of the year 2019. Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective study. There were 48 cases registered in the Epidemiology database, 25 were evaluated in External Consultation in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service; 1 case per pregnancy was excluded. Results: Of the 24 cases evaluated; 14 (58.3%) were female and 10 (41.7%) male. The age group with the highest presentation was an adult with 12 cases (50%), followed by an older adult 6 (25%). The place of origin was Lambayeque, 16 (66.7%); Cajamarca 7 (29.2%) and La Libertad; 1 (4.2%). The presentation was ascending with 15 cases (62.5%) and descending with 9 (37.5%). 6 patients (25%) failed to march; 3 (12.5%) achieved a march with support and 15 (62.5%)achieved an independent march. Only 1 case (4.17%) presented cranial nerve involvement. Areflexia was found in 13 patients (54.2%). No patient arrived with muscle strength on a scale of 0 to 1 in both upper and lower limbs, proximal and distal. Conclusions: The studys hows epidemiological and clinical characteristics of importance to project objectives and goals of rehabilitative treatment.

3.
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association ; : 8-19, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-766753

ABSTRACT

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a representative form of post-infectious autoimmune neuropathy with heterogenous manifestations. It was originally considered as an ascending demyelinating polyneuropathy in Western countries. However, the discovery of anti-ganglioside antibodies on the basis of molecular mimicry theory could help us better understand various kinds of focal and regional variants as well as axonal type of GBS those were frequently found from Asian countries. Recent development of new techniques about anti-ganglioside complex antibodies is making more detailed descriptions for specific or unusual clinical manifestations. It has been regarded that GBS has good prognosis if treated properly as early as possible, but it still shows high mortality and morbidity rate with frequent long term neurologic and medical complications. Unfortunately, there are only two options for medical treatment, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, for the last 100 years. Several clinical studies on new immunotherapy targeting complement activating system with background of molecular mimicry using animal model are underway. We hope that these new treatments will be helpful for the future patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Asian People , Axons , Complement System Proteins , Gangliosides , Guillain-Barre Syndrome , Hope , Immunoglobulins , Immunotherapy , Miller Fisher Syndrome , Models, Animal , Molecular Mimicry , Mortality , Plasmapheresis , Polyneuropathies , Prognosis
4.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 80(1): 22-26, ene. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-991451

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y paraclínicas de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque entre los años 2011 y 2015. Material y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré atendidos en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque en la ciudad de Chiclayo-Perú, Resultados: Encontramos 16 pacientes con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, 56% varones y 44% mujeres; la enfermedad se presentó mayormente en adultos de 20 a 60 años (44%). La mayor proporción de casos se dio durante las estaciones de invierno y primavera. El subtipo axonal fue el más común (62,5%). En cinco de seis pacientes en los que se practicó punción lumbar para efectuar tests de líquido cefalo-raquídeo se encontró disociación albuminocitológica. Cinco de los pacientes requirieron ventilación mecánica y tres de ellos fallecieron. Conclusiones: Este primer reporte del Síndrome de Guillain-Barré realizado en un hospital del norte del Perú, demuestra diferencias en las características clínicas y paraclínicas de nuestros pacientes.


Objectives: To describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) admitted to the Regional Hospital of Lambayeque from 2011 to 2015. Material and methods: The charts of patients with GBS treated in the Regional Hospital of Lambayeque (Chiclayo, Peru) were reviewed. Results: We found 16 patients with GBS, 56% male and 44% female; the disease was mainly observed in adults between 20-60 years (44%). The major proportion of cases was seen in the winter and spring seasons. The axonal form was the most common subtype (62.5%). In five of six patients in whom lumbar puncture was performed to test cerebro-spinal fluid, albumin-cytological dissociation was found. Five patients required artificial ventilation and three died. Conclusions: This is the first study of patients with GBS in a hospital in Northern Peru, demonstrating specific characteristics in the patient population hereby studied.

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